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University of California San Francisco

EndNote, Zotero, and Other Reference Managers: Home

Software which stores and organizes information for your education, research and clinical care

What are they? What do they do?

All reference managers do the same three things:

1. Store information about books, articles, websites, etc. in one place.

2. Organize this information in a useful way and make it searchable.

3. Use the stored information to add in-text citations and a reference list to a document you are writing, or to create a bibliography.

Reference managers vary in many details.

We will focus on EndNote, Zotero and Sciwheel. We will support and teach Zotero and EndNote in the future (written January 2021). There are other available reference managers. Relevant alternatives include Sciwheel, Mendeley, PaperPile, Papers (now merged with ReadCube), Citavi, RefWorks, and more.

As I write this in January, 2021, UCSF does not provide EndNote, you will need to purchase it. The best price is $114 for students and $219 for faculty and staff. Zotero is free to all unless you need to buy extra cloud storage space. UCSF Library subscribes to Sciwheel, and is free to you while at UCSF. Mendeley is free for basic use, and costs money if you try to share your article library between a group of more than 3 people. Papers is now a subscription service costing $36/yr for students and $60/yr for academics. You pay a monthly fee for PaperPile and it only works with Google Docs. Zotero, Mendeley, Sciwheel, and PaperPile work with GoogleDocs.

We try to monitor developments in reference managers and will provide information about significant updates in this library guide.

Choosing citation/reference management software: which one is right for me?

These points refer to EndNote, Zotero, and Mendeley:

  • If you don’t want to pay for software, consider Zotero.
  • If you want open source software, choose Zotero.
  • If you want software that's easy to learn, Zotero, and Mendeley are pretty easy to learn and use.
  • If you want to mainly work off-line on your own computer, EndNote is your best bet.
  • If you want easy online access to your references, consider. Zotero, and Mendeley. EndNote Web/Online also permits this, but with fewer features than the desktop version.
  • If you have saved a large collection of PDF files on your computer which you wish to add to your reference manager, Zotero, Mendeley and EndNote are all able to add them in bulk. To do so they extract the the citation data you will need when writing your manuscript. 
  • If you want a program that will fetch batches of PDFs for you after you have added them to your library, EndNote is the best choice. Zotero is also good at this function.
  • If you are writing a systematic review or performing other research during which you will accumulate a large number of references (5,000-10,000 or more) prefer EndNote.
  • If you have special requirements that will require extensive customizability, prefer EndNote
  • If you're interested in using the software to collaborate with colleagues, Zotero is preferred. EndNote does this adequately. Mendeley charges for groups larger than 3. Note that sharing only works when sharing with someone else using the same software. There are more complicated ways to share between products.
  • If you want to sync your library with multiple computers, choose Zotero or Mendeley. 

​This is an attempt to provide a brief overview of three popular reference management programs. The right software for you will depend on your work, your collaborators, and your environment.